Metals and non-metals are two fundamental categories of elements that exhibit distinct physical and chemical properties. Metals are typically hard, shiny, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. Examples include iron, copper, gold, and aluminium. They tend to lose electrons and form positive ions (cations) in chemical reactions.
Non-metals, on the other hand, are generally brittle, dull in appearance, and poor conductors of heat and electricity (except for graphite and a few others). They may exist as solids (sulphur, phosphorus), liquids (bromine), or gases (oxygen, nitrogen). Non-metals usually gain electrons to form negative ions (anions) during reactions.
Some elements, called metalloids (e.g., silicon, boron), exhibit properties intermediate between metals and non-metals. Understanding these differences helps in classifying elements and predicting their behaviour in various chemical processes.
*Now proceed to the question paper.*
General Instructions:
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All questions are compulsory.
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Read the questions carefully before answering.
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Marks are indicated against each question.
Section A: Very Short Answer Type Questions (1 Mark Each)
Answer the following in one word or one sentence:
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Name a metal that is liquid at room temperature other than mercury.
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Which non-metal is lustrous and shiny?
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Name a non-metal that is a good conductor of electricity.
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Which metals can be cut with a knife?
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Name a metal with very low melting and boiling points.
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What type of reaction occurs when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution?
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Name a non-metal that is liquid at room temperature.
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Which is the hardest element known to mankind?
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What are metal oxides called that show both acidic and basic nature?
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Name the solvent in which sulphur is stored.
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In which solvent are sodium and potassium usually kept?
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What are elements called that show properties of both metals and non-metals?
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What type of compound is formed when electrons are transferred from metals to non-metals?
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What is the damage caused to metals due to reaction with oxygen, moisture, and carbon dioxide called?
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What is the mixture of concentrated nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in a 1:3 ratio called?
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Which non-metal is used to make pencil lead?
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What is the hard and brittle form of iron with high carbon content called?
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What is the tough and malleable form of iron called?
Section B: Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark Each)
Choose the correct option:
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The most reactive metal is:
(a) Iron (b) Gold (c) Zinc (d) Potassium -
The liquid metal at room temperature is:
(a) Mercury (b) Bromine (c) Sodium (d) Gold -
Non-metals are generally:
(a) Liquids (b) Gases (c) Solids and gases (d) Gases and liquids -
The metal stored in kerosene is:
(a) Phosphorus (b) Magnesium (c) Sodium (d) Aluminium -
The non-metal that is liquid at room temperature is:
(a) Carbon (b) Iodine (c) Bromine (d) Chlorine -
Materials around us can be classified into:
(a) Elements and compounds (b) Metals and non-metals
(c) Acids and bases (d) None of these -
All metals are solids except:
(a) Sodium (b) Calcium (c) Mercury (d) Hydrogen -
Metal oxides are generally of which nature?
(a) Acidic (b) Basic (c) Neutral (d) All of these -
The metals that can be cut with a knife are:
(a) Sodium and potassium (b) Barium and calcium
(c) Sodium and mercury (d) Potassium and calcium -
What happens when non-metals react with water?
(a) Hydrogen gas is formed (b) Carbon dioxide gas is formed
(c) Non-metals do not react with water (d) None of these
Section C: Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks Each)
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Differentiate between metals and non-metals based on their physical properties.
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Define malleability. Name two highly malleable metals.
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List two uses of metals and two uses of non-metals.
Section D: Long Answer Type Questions (3 Marks Each)
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What are oxides? Explain the nature of metallic and non-metallic oxides.
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What happens when a magnesium ribbon is heated in the presence of air? Write the chemical equation.
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Describe the reaction when a copper vessel is exposed to moist air.
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Section E: Application-Based Question (4 Marks)
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Explain the reactions of metals and non-metals with:
(i) Acids (ii) Air (iii) Water -
Why are cooking utensils made of metals, while their handles are made of wood or plastic?
*End of Question Paper*
Note: This question paper is designed to assess conceptual understanding and application skills related to metals and non-metals. Ensure answers are concise and accurate.
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