Class 7th Science – Heat and Thermometers Question Paper with Answers

SECTION A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)

Choose the correct answer:

1. What is used to measure temperature?
    (a) Barometer (b) Thermometer (c) Speedometer (d) Altimeter

2. The clinical thermometer contains:
    (a) Alcohol (b) Mercury (c) Water (d) Lead

3. What is the temperature range of a clinical thermometer?
    (a) 35°C to 45°C (b) -10°C to 110°C (c) 0°C to 100°C (d) 10°C to 80°C

4. A laboratory thermometer is used to measure the temperature of:
    (a) Human body (b) Water (c) Food only (d) Only air

5. Sea breeze occurs because:
    (a) Water cools faster (b) Land heats faster
    (c) Air moves downward (d) Moon pulls the air

6. The best conductor of heat is:
    (a) Plastic (b) Wood (c) Glass (d) Copper

7. Which thermometer does not use mercury?
    (a) Digital (b) Clinical (c) Laboratory (d) All of these

8. Conduction mainly occurs in:
    (a) Liquids (b) Solids (c) Gases (d) Vacuum

9. A woollen blanket keeps you warm because it:
    (a) Radiates heat (b) Blocks air (c) Traps air (d) Allows heat flow

10. In summer, we prefer:
     (a) Thick clothes (b) Bright clothes (c) Dark clothes (d) Light coloured clothes

SECTION B: Fill in the Blanks (1 mark each)

11. Heat always moves from a ________ body to a ________ body.

12. The normal human body temperature is ________°C.

13. Mercury is used in thermometers because it ________ with heat.

14. ________ thermometer is used to measure body temperature.

15. ________ thermometer is used to check the temperature of objects like water.

SECTION C: Match the Following (1 mark each)

Match the items in Column A with those in Column B:

SECTION D: Very Short Answer (2 marks each)

21. What do we use to measure how hot or cold something is?

22. Why should we not touch the bulb of a clinical thermometer?

23. Define conduction.

24. What are conductors? Give one example.

25. What are insulators? Give one example.

26. Why is wool a poor conductor of heat?

27. What do you understand by convection?

28. Give one use of a laboratory thermometer.

29. State one advantage of digital thermometers.

30. What is the role of the kink in a clinical thermometer?

SECTION E: Short Answer Questions (3 marks each)

31. Why do metal objects feel colder than wooden ones in winter?

32. Explain how land breeze is formed.

33. State three precautions to be taken while using a clinical thermometer.

34. Why are light coloured clothes preferred in summer?

35. How does heat travel through radiation?

36. Explain the process of measuring body temperature using a thermometer.

37. What is the difference between conduction and convection?

38. Why should the thermometer be washed before and after use?

39. What causes mercury to rise in a thermometer?

40. Describe how sea breeze helps cool coastal areas.

SECTION F: Long Answer Questions (5 marks each)

41. Explain the types of heat transfer with examples: Conduction, Convection, and Radiation.

42. Describe the structure and working of a clinical thermometer.

43. Why do two thin blankets keep you warmer than one thick one?

44. Explain the steps and precautions involved in measuring the temperature of hot water using a lab thermometer.

45. Compare and contrast woollen and cotton clothes in terms of fibres, weather use, and thermal properties.

SECTION G: True or False (1 mark each)

46. The sun transfers heat through conduction.

47. The human body temperature is usually 37°C.

48. Air is a good conductor of heat.

49. Clinical thermometer can measure up to 100°C.

50. Sea breeze occurs during the day.

✅ Answer Key

Section A:

1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (b)

2. (d) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (d)

Section B:
11. hotter, cooler 12. 37 13. expands 14. Clinical 15. Laboratory

Section C:
16 – c 17 – a 18 – d 19 – b 20 – e

Section D:
21. Thermometer
22. It may give false reading due to body heat.
23. Heat transfer in solids.
24. Materials that allow heat flow, e.g., iron.
25. Materials that resist heat flow, e.g., wool.
26. Because it traps air and doesn’t allow heat flow.
27. Heat transfer in liquids/gases by movement.
28. Measuring temperature of water or oil.
29. No mercury = safer use.
30. Prevents mercury from falling back.

Section E:
31. Metal conducts heat away quickly.
32. At night, air above sea rises, cool land air replaces it.
33. Don’t touch bulb, wash before/after, shake before use.
34. They reflect heat.
35. By electromagnetic waves (e.g., Sun).

36. Clean, shake thermometer, place under tongue, read.

37. Conduction: solids, direct contact; Convection: gases/liquids, movement.

38. To maintain hygiene and avoid wrong reading.

39. It expands when heated.

40. Cool air from sea replaces hot air on land.

Section F:
41–45: Answers include detailed explanation of types of heat transfer, thermometer design and working, role of air in insulation, measuring liquid temp, and clothing comparison (not repeated here due to length).

Section G:
46. False 47. True 48. False 49. False 50. True

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