SECTION A: MCQs (1 × 10 = 10 marks)
- The term ‘Silk Routes’ refers to:
a) Routes used only for silk trade
b) Trade routes linking Asia with Europe and Africa
c) Routes used by European sailors
d) Routes connecting only China and India - Cowries were used as:
a) Jewellery
b) Food item
c) Currency
d) Weapon - Which crop helped Europeans live longer?
a) Wheat
b) Rice
c) Potato
d) Maize - Which disease helped European conquest of America?
a) Cholera
b) Plague
c) Smallpox
d) Influenza - The Corn Laws were related to:
a) Cotton imports
b) Industrial goods
c) Food grain imports
d) Labour laws - Which technology made meat affordable in Europe?
a) Steam engine
b) Railways
c) Refrigerated ships
d) Aeroplanes - Rinderpest affected mainly:
a) Humans
b) Crops
c) Cattle
d) Trade routes - Indentured labourers worked under:
a) Permanent jobs
b) Government service
c) Fixed-term contracts
d) Voluntary service - The Great Depression began in:
a) 1914
b) 1920
c) 1929
d) 1939 - Which institution was created at Bretton Woods?
a) WTO
b) IMF
c) UNO
d) NATO
SECTION B: ASSERTION–REASON (1 × 5 = 5 marks)
For each question, choose the correct option:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
- Assertion: Globalisation has a long history.
Reason: Trade and migration existed even in ancient times. - Assertion: Europe became the centre of world trade by the 19th century.
Reason: China and India lost importance in global trade. - Assertion: Smallpox weakened Native Americans.
Reason: They had no immunity against European diseases. - Assertion: Corn Laws protected British agriculture.
Reason: They restricted cheap imports of food grains. - Assertion: Indentured labour system was abolished in 1921.
Reason: It was found to be exploitative and cruel.
SECTION C: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (3 × 5 = 15 marks)
- What is globalisation?
- Name any two goods traded through the Silk Routes.
- How did the potato affect European society?
- What were the Corn Laws?
- What was indentured labour?
- Mention two effects of rinderpest in Africa.
- Why did Europeans migrate to America?
- State two causes of the Great Depression.
SECTION D: LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (5 × 5 = 25 marks)
- Explain the role of the Silk Routes in connecting different parts of the world.
- Describe how food travels reflect cultural exchange in the pre-modern world.
- “Diseases played a crucial role in European conquest.” Explain with examples.
- Discuss the impact of the Great Depression on:
- World economy
- Indian economy
- Explain the causes and consequences of indentured labour migration from India.
SECTION E: CASE-BASED QUESTIONS (4 × 1 = 4 marks)
Read the source and answer the questions:
“Smallpox proved a deadly killer. It spread deep into the American continent and decimated whole communities, paving the way for European conquest.”
a) Name the disease mentioned.
b) Why were natives highly affected?
c) How did this help European conquest?
d) What type of warfare does this reflect?
