Class 8 The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society Question Bank
Prepare for your Class 8 Social Science Civics exam with this comprehensive The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society Question Bank. This CBSE/NCERT-style question bank covers the important concepts of the Indian Judiciary, including justice, independent judiciary, Supreme Court, High Courts, subordinate courts, writ jurisdiction, Public Interest Litigation (PIL), tribunals and Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR).
The questions are designed for Class 8 Civics exam preparation, school tests, revision, homework, assignments and practice. Students can practise objective questions, competency-based questions, case studies, assertion-reason questions and descriptive questions to strengthen their understanding of the chapter.
📚 Chapter Details
Class 8
Social Science
Civics
Judiciary
CBSE / NCERT Style
Exam Practice
Key Areas Covered:
Justice • Independent Judiciary • Supreme Court • High Courts •
Subordinate Courts • PIL • Writ Jurisdiction • Tribunals •
ADR • Arbitration • Mediation • Lok Adalats • Gram Nyayalayas
The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society – Question Bank
CBSE/NCERT-style Class 8 Civics Question Bank with MCQs, Assertion-Reason, Case-Based Questions, Competency-Based Questions, Short Answer Questions, Long Answer Questions and HOTS.
Section A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1 Mark
Q1. Which of the following is the highest court in India?
1 Mark
Q2. The judiciary is one of the ______ pillars of government.
1 Mark
Q3. Which organ of government interprets and applies laws and decides disputes?
1 Mark
Q4. Procedural justice mainly focuses on:
1 Mark
Q5. Article 32 is associated with:
1 Mark
Q6. Article 226 gives writ jurisdiction to:
1 Mark
Q7. Which specialised body deals with environmental matters?
1 Mark
Q8. A neutral person who helps disputing parties reach a settlement is called a:
1 Mark
Q9. Under which Article is the law declared by the Supreme Court binding on all courts?
1 Mark
Q10. Gram Nyayalayas mainly aim to:
1 Mark
Q11. Which of the following is an alternative mode of dispute resolution?
1 Mark
Q12. A person involved in a legal case is called a:
1 Mark
Q13. Which Article provides for the High Courts in India?
1 Mark
Q14. Which body deals with disputes concerning electricity?
1 Mark
Q15. Which method involves an arbitrator deciding a dispute?
Section B – Fill in the Blanks
Q1. The judiciary is one of the ______ pillars of government.
Q2. The ______ Court is the highest court in India.
Q3. Article ______ provides the Supreme Court remedy for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
Q4. Article ______ gives writ jurisdiction to High Courts.
Q5. The law declared by the Supreme Court is binding on all courts under Article ______.
Q6. A neutral person who assists parties in reaching a settlement is called a ______.
Q7. ______ are mobile, village-level courts established to decentralise the judicial system.
Q8. The ______ National Tribunal deals with environmental matters.
Q9. Arbitration in India is conducted under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, ______.
Q10. The Mediation Act was enacted in ______.
Section C – True or False
Q1. The judiciary is one of the three pillars of government.
Q2. The judiciary should be controlled by the executive.
Q3. The Supreme Court is the highest court in India.
Q4. Procedural justice concerns fairness of the process.
Q5. Article 226 gives writ jurisdiction to District Courts.
Q6. A mediator imposes a decision on the parties.
Q7. Lok Adalats aim to settle disputes amicably.
Q8. Tribunals can deal with specialised categories of disputes.
Q9. Article 141 makes the law declared by the Supreme Court binding on all courts.
Q10. Gram Nyayalayas were established under the Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008.
Section D – Match the Following
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| 1. Article 32 | A. High Court writ jurisdiction |
| 2. Article 141 | B. Supreme Court writ remedy for Fundamental Rights |
| 3. Article 226 | C. Law declared by Supreme Court binding on all courts |
| 4. NGT | D. Environmental matters |
| 5. CAT | E. Government employee service matters |
| 6. APTEL | F. Electricity-related matters |
| 7. Mediation | G. Neutral person helps parties reach settlement |
| 8. Arbitration | H. Arbitrator decides the dispute |
Section E – Very Short Answer Questions
Q1. What is the judiciary?
Q2. Name the three pillars of government.
Q3. What is substantive justice?
Q4. What is procedural justice?
Q5. Which is the highest court in India?
Q6. Who is a litigant?
Q7. What is a tribunal?
Q8. What is mediation?
Q9. What is Public Interest Litigation?
Q10. What are Lok Adalats?
Section F – Short Answer Questions
Q1. Why is an independent judiciary important in a democracy?
Q2. Differentiate between substantive justice and procedural justice.
Q3. Explain the hierarchy of courts in India.
Q4. What is writ jurisdiction? Mention Articles 32 and 226.
Q5. Write any four powers or jurisdictions of the Supreme Court discussed in the chapter.
Q6. What are subordinate courts? Give examples.
Q7. What is a tribunal? Give three examples of specialised tribunals or forums.
Q8. How can digital technology make the judicial system more accessible?
Q9. Distinguish between arbitration and mediation.
Q10. What are Lok Adalats and why are they important?
Section G – Assertion and Reason
Directions: Choose the correct option:
A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason does not correctly explain Assertion.
C. Assertion is correct, but Reason is incorrect.
D. Assertion is incorrect, but Reason is correct.
A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason does not correctly explain Assertion.
C. Assertion is correct, but Reason is incorrect.
D. Assertion is incorrect, but Reason is correct.
Q1.
Assertion: The judiciary must be independent.
Reason: It should be able to decide disputes fairly and ensure that government action remains within the Constitution.
Assertion: The judiciary must be independent.
Reason: It should be able to decide disputes fairly and ensure that government action remains within the Constitution.
Q2.
Assertion: A mediator imposes a final decision on the parties.
Reason: A mediator helps parties reach a mutually acceptable settlement.
Assertion: A mediator imposes a final decision on the parties.
Reason: A mediator helps parties reach a mutually acceptable settlement.
Q3.
Assertion: High Courts exercise supervisory jurisdiction over subordinate courts.
Reason: This helps ensure that subordinate courts act within the limits of their authority.
Assertion: High Courts exercise supervisory jurisdiction over subordinate courts.
Reason: This helps ensure that subordinate courts act within the limits of their authority.
Q4.
Assertion: Article 141 is important for consistency in the judicial system.
Reason: The law declared by the Supreme Court is binding on all courts within India.
Assertion: Article 141 is important for consistency in the judicial system.
Reason: The law declared by the Supreme Court is binding on all courts within India.
Section H – Competency-Based Questions
Q1.
A person believes that one of their Fundamental Rights has been violated.
(a) Which constitutional court can provide a remedy under Article 32?
(b) Which Article gives High Courts writ jurisdiction?
(c) Why is this power important for citizens?
(a) Which constitutional court can provide a remedy under Article 32?
(b) Which Article gives High Courts writ jurisdiction?
(c) Why is this power important for citizens?
Q2.
Two business partners have a disagreement. They do not want to go through
a lengthy formal court process and agree to appoint an independent person
to decide their dispute.
(a) Which method of dispute resolution can they use?
(b) Who will decide the dispute?
(c) How is this different from mediation?
(a) Which method of dispute resolution can they use?
(b) Who will decide the dispute?
(c) How is this different from mediation?
Q3.
A dispute has been pending before a regular court. Both parties agree to
settle it amicably through a Lok Adalat.
Explain how a Lok Adalat can help the parties and the judicial system.
Explain how a Lok Adalat can help the parties and the judicial system.
Q4.
A village community faces a dispute and needs access to a simplified
village-level judicial mechanism.
Which institution discussed in the chapter is designed for such situations? Explain its purpose.
Which institution discussed in the chapter is designed for such situations? Explain its purpose.
Section I – Case-Based Questions
Case Study 1 – Specialised Forum
A family pays a large advance for a flat. Years later, the promised construction has not progressed. The family approaches an appropriate consumer forum. The forum hears both sides and passes an order.(a) Why can a specialised forum be useful?
(b) What is meant by a quasi-judicial body?
(c) How can specialised tribunals or forums reduce the burden on regular courts?
Case Study 2 – Environmental Concern
A village is located near a river used for drinking water and irrigation. The water gradually becomes brown and develops a bad smell. Several people fall sick. The villagers believe that industrial waste is being discharged into the river.(a) What type of public concern is involved?
(b) Which specialised tribunal discussed in the chapter deals with environmental matters?
(c) How can citizens bring social concerns affecting people and nature to the notice of the judiciary?
Case Study 3 – Fairness at the Workplace
Anita and Sameer work in the same factory and have similar qualifications and responsibilities. Anita discovers that she is being paid less than Sameer for the same job. After unsuccessful appeals to her employer, she decides to seek legal remedy.(a) What issue of justice is involved?
(b) Why should the judiciary provide an opportunity for both sides to be heard?
(c) Which type of justice is concerned with fairness of the final outcome?
Section J – Long Answer & HOTS Questions
5 Marks
Q1.
Explain how an independent judiciary helps maintain the balance among the
three organs of government.
5 Marks
Q2.
Describe the structure of the Indian judicial system from the Supreme Court
to High Courts and subordinate courts.
5 Marks
Q3.
Explain the role of the Supreme Court as the final interpreter of the Constitution.
5 Marks
Q4.
“Justice depends both on the result and on the fairness of the process.”
Explain this statement with reference to substantive and procedural justice.
5 Marks
Q5.
Explain any four alternative methods of dispute resolution discussed in the chapter.
5 Marks
Q6.
Explain the importance of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in bringing
social concerns to the notice of the judiciary.
5 Marks
Q7.
Explain the importance of digital initiatives such as e-Filing, hybrid
hearings, live streaming, translation of judgments and the National
Judicial Data Grid.
Section K – Important Constitutional Articles
| Article | Key Point |
|---|---|
| Article 32 | Supreme Court remedy for enforcement of Fundamental Rights. |
| Article 124 | Supreme Court and appointment of its judges. |
| Article 131 | Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. |
| Article 136 | Special Leave to Appeal. |
| Article 141 | Law declared by the Supreme Court is binding on all courts. |
| Article 142 | Power to pass orders necessary for doing complete justice. |
| Article 143 | Advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. |
| Article 144 | Authorities shall act in aid of the Supreme Court. |
| Article 214 | High Courts for States. |
| Article 217 | Appointment and conditions relating to High Court judges. |
| Article 226 | Writ jurisdiction of High Courts. |
| Article 227 | High Court's power of superintendence. |
| Article 233 | Appointment of District Judges. |
✅ Answer Key
MCQs
1-C, 2-B, 3-C, 4-A, 5-A, 6-B, 7-B, 8-B, 9-A, 10-B,
11-D, 12-A, 13-B, 14-C, 15-B
Fill in the Blanks
1. three
2. Supreme
3. 32
4. 226
5. 141
6. mediator
7. Gram Nyayalayas
8. National Green Tribunal (NGT)
9. 1996
10. 2023
2. Supreme
3. 32
4. 226
5. 141
6. mediator
7. Gram Nyayalayas
8. National Green Tribunal (NGT)
9. 1996
10. 2023
True or False
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. False
7. True
8. True
9. True
10. True
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. False
7. True
8. True
9. True
10. True
Match the Following
1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D, 5-E, 6-F, 7-G, 8-H
Assertion–Reason
Q1 – A
Q2 – D
Q3 – A
Q4 – A
Q2 – D
Q3 – A
Q4 – A
✍️ Important Model Answers
Q1. Why is an independent judiciary important?
An independent judiciary is important because it allows courts to decide
disputes fairly without being controlled by the legislature or executive.
It also helps ensure that laws remain within the framework of the
Constitution and that the executive does not exceed its constitutional powers.
Q2. Differentiate between substantive and procedural justice.
Substantive justice focuses on whether the final result
or decision is fair, just and reasonable. Procedural justice
focuses on whether the process was fair and whether the people involved
received a proper opportunity to be heard.
Q3. Explain the hierarchy of courts in India.
India has a unified judicial system. The Supreme Court
is at the top, followed by the High Courts and then
subordinate courts at the lower level. Different courts
deal with disputes and appeals according to their jurisdiction.
Q4. Differentiate between arbitration and mediation.
In arbitration, the parties refer their dispute to an
independent arbitrator or panel of arbitrators who decides the dispute.
In mediation, a neutral mediator helps the parties reach
a mutually acceptable settlement but does not impose a decision on them.
Q5. What are Lok Adalats?
Lok Adalats are special forums where disputes can be settled amicably.
They can deal with cases pending in courts and, in some situations,
disputes can be brought to them even before approaching a court.
They aim to promote access to justice and reduce the burden on regular courts.
⚡ Quick Revision – Remember These 10 Points
- Judiciary is one of the three pillars of government.
- An independent judiciary is essential for fair decisions.
- India has a unified judicial system.
- Supreme Court → High Courts → Subordinate Courts.
- The Supreme Court is the highest court in India.
- Article 32 relates to the Supreme Court remedy for Fundamental Rights.
- Article 226 gives writ jurisdiction to High Courts.
- Article 141 makes Supreme Court law binding on all courts.
- Tribunals deal with specialised categories of disputes.
- ADR includes arbitration, mediation, Lok Adalats and Gram Nyayalayas.
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